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Hands-on listening reviews of more than 500 vacuum tubes and pieces of audio gear, since 2005.

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Beyond EIA Codes: How to Tell Who Really Made Your Vacuum Tube

Beyond EIA Codes: How to Tell Who Really Made Your Vacuum Tube

The EIA code is usually followed by a four-digit date code in a year-year-week-week format. For example, 322 6104-1 means Tung-Sol (322), made in 1961 (61), week 4 (04). The trailing digit after the dash is a shift or line code and doesn’t affect the date. On a tube marked 274 5823, read it as RCA, 1958, week 23. From around 1960 on, some makers switched to coded letter dates (for example KE 188-5 on GE tubes). These are harder to decode, but the EIA number next to them still tells you the maker.

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Linlai UA-12AX7B

Linlai UA-12AX7B

(4 votes, average: 2.50 out of 5)

I’ll admit it: I was becoming a Linlai fan. Their big triodes looked like props from a Jules Verne novel. The sculpted glass and elaborate plates suggested a company that was actually innovating instead of cloning dead Western Electric designs. Yes, the prices made my wallet wince, but I figured innovation costs money. So when a gold-pinned pair of Linlai Aurora 12AX7s arrived, I expected more of the same. Then I did what any self-respecting tube paranoiac does and went digging to find out whose glass this really is.

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Holo Audio Spring 3 KTE DAC

Holo Audio Spring 3 KTE DAC

(2 votes, average: 5.00 out of 5)

Holo Audio named this DAC “Spring,” which is a fine name for a season, a mattress, or a bottled water, but not exactly a name that strikes fear into the hearts of competitors costing three times as much. It should. The Spring 3 KTE arrived in an unassuming box, weighed more than I expected, and within a week had quietly elbowed a much pricier converter off my rack and into the closet, where it now sulks.

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Kenwood L-07M Monoblock Amplifiers

Kenwood L-07M Monoblock Amplifiers

(4 votes, average: 4.75 out of 5)

There’s a certain kind of amplifier that walks into your listening room, shakes your hand, says all the right things and leaves no fingerprints. You listen for a week, you nod politely, you smile at it the way you’d smile at a stranger at a bar. Pleasant company, nice conversation, and gone from memory before the coffee finishes brewing the next morning. I’ve reviewed plenty of those. The Kenwood L-07M is not one of them.

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NYAL Moscode 600 Amplifier

NYAL Moscode 600 Amplifier

(2 votes, average: 5.00 out of 5)

Let’s get the unpleasant part out of the way first: the New York Audio Labs Moscode 600 is not a pretty amplifier. It looks like something bolted into a 1980s broadcast truck, or standing guard in the boiler room of a Brooklyn walk-up. A perforated metal cage hides the tubes, a fan hums along whether you need it or not, and the whole thing has the industrial charm of a toaster oven designed by a committee of electricians. If you buy hi-fi to impress the neighbors, keep walking. If you buy it to be moved by music, pull up a chair, because that ugly cage is hiding something beautiful.

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Bedini Model 66 Mk II Preamplifier

Bedini Model 66 Mk II Preamplifier

(1 votes, average: 4.00 out of 5)

Let me start with the thing that will confuse you the moment you unpack it: the Bedini Model 66 Mk II has no power button. None. Not on the front panel, not on the back, not tucked under the chassis where I spent an embarrassing few minutes poking around with a flashlight. Plug it in and it’s on. Pull the plug and it’s off. Maybe Bedini decided a preamp sounds best when it never cools down. Maybe the switch fell off the parts order. Either way, this is the houseguest who never goes to bed, so plug it into a switched outlet on your power amp or conditioner — or make peace with it living its entire life “on.”

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Bedini 150/150 Mk II Amplifier

Bedini 150/150 Mk II Amplifier

(1 votes, average: 4.00 out of 5)

When an amplifier arrives on my bench with one channel’s fuses not blown but gone, I don’t reach for music. I reach for the variac, the dim-bulb tester and a strong cup of coffee. A missing fuse is the audio equivalent of a used car with black tape over the check-engine light. Somebody knew something and decided you didn’t need to. So before I tell you how the Bedini 150/150 Mk II sounds, let me tell you that it very nearly didn’t get the chance.

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Sansui AU-11000 Integrated Amplifier

Sansui AU-11000 Integrated Amplifier

(4 votes, average: 4.50 out of 5)

I did not need another integrated amplifier. Nobody who owns more than three amplifiers needs another one. That’s not how this hobby works, and anyone who tells you otherwise is either lying or married to someone with veto power. But the Sansui AU-11000 has a way of getting past your defenses. It sits there, black-faced and 42 pounds, wearing enough knobs and levers to dock a space capsule, and it dares you not to plug it in.

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